{"id":1045,"date":"2021-10-14T22:26:17","date_gmt":"2021-10-14T20:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/?page_id=1045"},"modified":"2022-01-30T17:55:57","modified_gmt":"2022-01-30T16:55:57","slug":"ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Ohligs\u2019in Yahudi T\u00fcccarlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div id=\"maps-marker-pro-937a3675\" class=\"maps-marker-pro\" style=\"width: 100%;\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"mmp-map-wrap-937a3675\" class=\"mmp-map-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mmp-map-937a3675\" class=\"mmp-map\" style=\"height: 400px;\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-e29d8f50-a731-4efd-99ed-df9d4b5f5dcf\"><em><em><em>Haz\u0131rlayanlar: Armin Schulte ve Daniela Tobias<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-f75518e4-fafd-4273-b9f0-f7c572577348\"><li>1. Durak: Coopmann Ailesi<\/li><li>2. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/2\/\">Strauss Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>3. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/3\/\">Henriette Marx<\/a><\/li><li>4. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/4\/\">Rosenbaum Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>5. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/5\/\">Davids Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>6. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/6\/\">Bassat Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>7. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/7\/\">Steeg Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>8. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/8\/\">Z\u00fcrndorfer Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>9. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/9\/\">Steinberger Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>10. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/10\/\">Wallach Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>11. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/11\/\">Meyerhoff Ailesi<\/a><\/li><li>12. Durak: <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/juedische-kaufleute-in-ohligs\/12\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/12\/\">Ohligs Gar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" id=\"block-aabfc699-4e18-45ff-9b39-3ec06c9fe9e5\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-90370199-b711-4466-968f-81eafd9c6a79\">1. Durak: Coopmann Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/01tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-e5574a0f-367a-4f44-97f3-c513ddeaa459\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1068\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-681x1024.jpg 681w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-768x1155.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-1021x1536.jpg 1021w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-1362x2048.jpg 1362w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-1568x2358.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due76_7851-scaled.jpg 1702w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 76. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ca7cf963-2e8f-4491-b3ce-3aadf403ad0f\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 76 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harita<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 76 numarada, Yahudi t\u00fcccar David Coopmann\u2019\u0131n erkek giyim ma\u011fazas\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coopmann, 30 Aral\u0131k 1877\u2019de bir at t\u00fcccar\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu olarak Linnich\u2019te d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. 1897\u2019de Hilden\u2019dan Ohligs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 43 numarada faaliyet g\u00f6steren bir uzak akrabas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda tezg\u00e2htar olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-18c3bf90-3c37-4578-b443-7d2d6e7c2f92\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/PK-1691-1024x669.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist PK-1691-1024x669.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Coopman ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 76 (d\u00fckk\u00e2n resmin ortalar\u0131nda, vitrinindeki tenteden tan\u0131nabilir). Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 1691<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1898\u2019de askere gitti ve 1901\u2019de terhis olunca Ohligs\u2019e d\u00f6nd\u00fc. 1908\u2019de kendi i\u015fini kurdu. O d\u00f6nemden kalma gazete ilanlar\u0131nda ticarethanesini \u201cerkek, o\u011flan \u00e7ocuk ve i\u015f\u00e7i k\u0131yafetlerinde en ucuz ma\u011faza\u201d olarak tan\u0131t\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1916\u2019da onun yan\u0131na yerle\u015fen karde\u015fi Julie de bu ma\u011fazada tezg\u00e2htar olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. David gibi Julie de hi\u00e7 evlenmedi. Ma\u011faza iyi i\u015f yap\u0131yordu, ama hi\u00e7bir zaman Ohligs semtinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fletmeleri aras\u0131na girmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-b5ab0e7d-f083-4460-bb60-eea26e82a5ec\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Coopmann_OA19140404-1024x545.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Coopmann_OA19140404-1024x545.jpg\"\/><figcaption>David Coopman\u2019\u0131n Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 4.4.1914 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9493061\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-6feb80d0-5819-496e-8fc7-1e169dca23ca\">1933\u2019te Nazi Partisi\u2019nin iktidara gelmesinden sonra Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 izlenen zul\u00fcm politikas\u0131ndan ticari i\u015fletmeler de nasibini ald\u0131. David Coopman, belediye hastanesinde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bir ameliyat\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 12 Ekim 1937\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fc. Solingen\u2019deki Yahudi mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda topra\u011fa verildi. D\u00fcsseldorflu heykelt\u0131ra\u015f Leopold Fleischhacker taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan mezarta\u015f\u0131nda \u015fu yaz\u0131t bulunur: \u201cYaln\u0131zca unutulanlar \u00f6l\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-8c552a72-f698-4c0f-81d2-a480d8555241\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/jf_5176-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist jf_5176-1024x683.jpg\"\/><figcaption>David Coopman\u2019\u0131n mezarta\u015f\u0131 ve k\u0131z karde\u015fi Julie\u2019nin an\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7ak\u0131lan levha. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak David Coopman\u2019\u0131n karde\u015fi ma\u011fazay\u0131 i\u015fletmeye uzun s\u00fcre devam edemedi. Julie Coopmann Temmuz 1938\u2019de K\u00f6ln\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Ekim 1941\u2019de oradan Polonya\u2019ya, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a gettosuna g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gettodaki ya\u015fl\u0131lar yurdu m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn 1 May\u0131s 1942 tarihli mektubu \u0131st\u0131rap dolu bir feryat niteli\u011findedir. Bu kad\u0131n, y\u00f6netimindeki ya\u015fl\u0131lar yurdunda Julie Coopman ile birlikte d\u00f6rt di\u011fer hastan\u0131n toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmesini durdurmak i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ediyordu. Julie Coopmann bu mektuptan sonra ancak birka\u00e7 hafta daha ya\u015fayabildi. 6 Haziran 1942\u2019de gettoda hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Julie ile David\u2019in di\u011fer karde\u015fleri de e\u015fleri ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131yla birlikte Holokost kurbanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Aileden sa\u011f kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen tek ki\u015fi, Hilden\u2019den Bernhard Kr\u00e4mer adl\u0131 ye\u011fenleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-1a6d62f3-8d4c-4ffd-ab71-07c977dae1a9\">2. Durak: Strauss Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/02tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-2eca820a-3a05-48b0-840d-6c8c4ebfaede\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-211x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1070\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-720x1024.jpg 720w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-768x1093.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-1080x1536.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-1440x2048.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-1568x2231.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due58_7848-scaled.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 58. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-96730c7b-3170-44f0-9770-e20d0f7d48ca\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 58 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 58 numarada \u00e7elik e\u015fya sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Oskar Strauss otururdu. Strauss, 8 Eyl\u00fcl 1875\u2019te Bochum\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti. Gr\u00e4frath\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6kl\u00fc Yahudi ailelerinden gelen bir baban\u0131n o\u011fluydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essen\u2019de ya\u015fayan Oskar Strauss, 1903\u2019te \u00f6nce a\u011fabeyi Moritz, ard\u0131ndan da babas\u0131 Isaac \u00f6l\u00fcnce Solingen\u2019e, annesi Sara\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Orada bir \u00e7elik e\u015fya d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131, ama \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini \u00f6ncelikle pazarlarda ve fuarlarda sat\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-1a5d1d34-a064-4612-b163-28b084efef6e\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/B49_8327-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Solingen Yahudi mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Oskar\u2019\u0131n babas\u0131 Isaac Strauss\u2019\u0131n mezarta\u015f\u0131. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-a8ce6639-0e9a-49f9-b8d3-e04f6b0c6d50\">\u0130leride kar\u0131s\u0131 olacak Marie Schlingensiepen\u2019i de b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle burada, m\u00fcstakbel kay\u0131npederinin evinde kirac\u0131 olarak otururken tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7ift 1913\u2019te Ohligs\u2019de evlendi. 1931\u2019e kadar da D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 58 numarada oturdular. Oskar Strauss\u2019\u0131n \u00e7elik e\u015fya d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 bu adreste kay\u0131tl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ocak 1914\u2019te \u00e7iftin ilk o\u011flu Lothar, ondan be\u015f y\u0131l sonra da di\u011fer o\u011flan Heinz d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Anneleri Protestan oldu\u011fu halde her iki o\u011flan da Yahudi cemaatine ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak Heinz 1926\u2019da, daha yedi ya\u015f\u0131ndayken \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1933\u2019ten ba\u015flayarak Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fckselen ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve Yahudilerin b\u00fct\u00fcn haklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesiyle Oskar Strauss\u2019\u0131n mali durumu epeyce bozuldu. Ama beterin beteri gelecekti. O\u011fullar\u0131 Lothar, Temmuz 1936\u2019da belediye hastanesinde t\u00fcberk\u00fclozdan \u00f6ld\u00fc. \u0130ki o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 birden kaybetmelerinin ac\u0131s\u0131na Oskar Strauss\u2019\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 karde\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc eklenecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-7b2d6790-ab3b-483e-a6d4-6b8d9538c588\">Ve art\u0131k Nazi y\u00f6netimi onlara hi\u00e7 nefes ald\u0131rm\u0131yordu. 10 Kas\u0131m 1938 gecesi meydana gelen pogrom s\u0131ras\u0131nda Oskar Strauss, Solingen\u2019de polis taraf\u0131ndan \u201ckoruma amac\u0131\u201d ile g\u00f6zalt\u0131nda tutuldu. Ocak 1939\u2019da di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn Yahudi erkekler gibi o da \u201cIsrael\u201d ilk ad\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya zorland\u0131. Art\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcnde tek bir kurtulu\u015f yolu kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 13 Ocak 1939\u2019da Ohligs-K\u00f6ln hatt\u0131nda ilerleyen bir trenin \u00f6n\u00fcne atlad\u0131. Oskar Strauss, Solingen\u2019deki Yahudi mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda topra\u011fa verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-00b11e26-c74e-4afe-9342-15059fb3154f\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Strauss_Stolperstein.jpg\" alt=\"Stolperstein f\u00fcr Oskar Strauss, Kiefernstr. 6. Quelle: Stadtarchiv Solingen\"\/><figcaption>Oskar Strauss i\u00e7in \u00e7ak\u0131lan t\u00f6kezta\u015f\u0131, Kiefernstra\u00dfe 6. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-85f4e87a-0692-4e6d-a7c6-74e54226a30b\">Marie Strauss, kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yoksulluk i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131. 1944\u2019te yeniden evlendi. Oskar Strauss\u2019\u0131n son oturdu\u011fu adres olan Kiefernstra\u00dfe 6 numaran\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bug\u00fcn bize onu hat\u0131rlatan bir \u201ct\u00f6kez ta\u015f\u0131\u201d bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-e67fcd6b-b4d3-4412-b2c1-ad55b8e7a66d\">3. Durak: Henriette Marx<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/03tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-9fbb11bc-76b1-4231-9784-0bb7acda31f5\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-217x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1071\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-740x1024.jpg 740w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-768x1063.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-1109x1536.jpg 1109w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-1479x2048.jpg 1479w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-1568x2171.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due49_7843-scaled.jpg 1849w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 217px) 100vw, 217px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 49. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ca8b2024-9248-46d8-abba-da9c6beb9e94\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 49 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-414c13d9-b622-4306-b156-3c8ca83f8be5\">D\u00fcren b\u00f6lgesinde yeti\u015fen Henriette Marx, 1906\u2019da D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 49 numaraya ta\u015f\u0131narak, fabrikadan halka sat\u0131\u015f yapan \u201cGladbacher Fabrik-Depot\u201d kurulu\u015funun bir \u015fubesini a\u00e7t\u0131. Hen\u00fcz 27 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131 ve \u015fiddet e\u011filimli kocas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131larak bir ya\u015f\u0131ndaki o\u011flu Fritz ile birlikte Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015fti. Bo\u015fanmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra 1907\u2019de k\u0131z\u0131 Grete Luise\u2019i de d\u00fcnyaya getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-d02617f9-a75d-4ec0-89b6-75a4fcb5110f\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Marx_OA19060213-1024x756.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Marx_OA19060213-1024x756.jpg\"\/><figcaption>A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f duyurusu Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 13.2.1906 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9151043\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ocuk yeti\u015ftiren bir kad\u0131n olarak Ohligs\u2019de kendine yeni bir hayat kurmay\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Moda giyim, kuma\u015f ve yatak tak\u0131mlar\u0131 satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 \u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131 kazand\u0131 ki sat\u0131\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131 sonraki y\u0131llarda birka\u00e7 kez geni\u015fletmesi gerekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Henriette Marx, Kas\u0131m 1912\u2019de t\u00fcccar Simon Meyerhoff ile evlendi. Meyerhoff, 1875\u2019te Vestfalya\u2019daki K\u00f6rbecke\u2019de do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Nik\u00e2h \u015fahitleri, ikisi de Ohligs\u2019de t\u00fcccar olan Paul Steeg ile Georg Davids idi. \u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n ad\u0131 \u201cS. Meyerhoff, Manifatura ve Giyim Ma\u011fazas\u0131\u201d olarak de\u011fi\u015ftiyse de y\u00f6netimi yine Henriette Meyerhoff\u2019tayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-a65e74ba-835a-4e99-b46f-3a0b9704c894\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Meyerhoff_Duesseld_1915_FotoStolp_BEAUNS-1024x626.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Meyerhoff_Duesseld_1915_FotoStolp_BEAUNS-1024x626.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Meyerhoff ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 49 (sol), 1915 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal, Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 2443<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Henrietta\u2019n\u0131n o\u011flu Fritz, liseyi bitirdikten sonra m\u00fczik e\u011fitimi g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve Leipzig de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerde okudu. K\u0131z\u0131 Grete Luise ise 1929\u2019da avukat Dr. Heinrich Rosenblatt ile evlendi. Bir y\u0131l sonra da N\u00fcrnberg\u2019de Hella ad\u0131n\u0131 verecekleri bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funu d\u00fcnyaya getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-c2e5bb8c-c18c-409d-852c-d8c94ed1dc4e\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Meyerhoff_OA19220624.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Meyerhoff_OA19220624.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Moda konusunda tavsiyelere de yer veren bir ilan Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 24.6.1922 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9221314\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Eyl\u00fcl 1931\u2019de Ohligs\u2019deki Meyerhoff ma\u011fazas\u0131 iflas sebebiyle kapat\u0131ld\u0131. D\u00fcnyay\u0131 saran ekonomik krizin de muhtemelen bunda etkisi olmu\u015ftu. Nisan 1932\u2019de Henriette Meyerhoff, <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/11\/\">D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 17<\/a> numarada kendi ad\u0131yla bir manifaturac\u0131 ve moda giyim ma\u011fazas\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. O noktadan itibaren Meyerhoff ailesini bekleyen kader hakk\u0131nda daha sonra bilgi edinece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-7167d1b9-5582-478e-b380-4feb844baa45\">4. Durak: Rosenbaum Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/04tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-4cf4b922-abb7-4105-9157-ba2344d78071\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-204x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1072\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-697x1024.jpg 697w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-768x1129.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-1045x1536.jpg 1045w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-1393x2048.jpg 1393w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-1568x2305.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due46_7835-scaled.jpg 1741w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 46. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d63af9c8-8fa6-4995-87a3-2378227fa054\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 46 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-1514ea85-50b1-42dd-a79f-440ac8a063f7\">D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 46 numarada Abraham \u201cAdolf\u201d Rosenbaum\u2019\u0131n ayakkab\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunuyordu. Rosenbaum bug\u00fcn Polonya\u2019da bulunan Ro\u017cniat\u00f3w\u2019da 14 Ekim 1884\u2019te do\u011fmu\u015ftu, ancak o d\u00f6nemde buras\u0131 Avusturya-Macaristan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131. Rosenbaum 1909\u2019da Ohligs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve 1912\u2019de giyim e\u015fyas\u0131 satan bir d\u00fckk\u00e2n a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130ki y\u0131l sonra da ayakkab\u0131 d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n ticari tescilini yapt\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-f955da6a-8dfc-4090-bdda-117fe85e2721\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Rosenbaum_Duesseldorfer_Str_46_PK-1520_FotoStolp_BEA_R-1024x650.jpg\" alt=\"Gesch\u00e4ft Rosenbaum, D\u00fcsseldorfer Str. 46 (3. Haus v. rechts), Postkarte von ca. 1926. Quelle: Stadtarchiv Solingen, PK 1520\"\/><figcaption>Rosenbaum ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 46 (Sa\u011fdan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ev), 1926 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 1520<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d9d81feb-6167-4c4b-b37b-f65ab4e31a01\">1914 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilkbahar aylar\u0131nda Cilly Weissfeldt ile evlendi. Bu evlili\u011fin sekizinci y\u0131l\u0131nda Ohligs\u2019de \u00e7iftin k\u0131z\u0131 Lia d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Aile geni\u015f, konforlu bir evde oturuyordu, ma\u011fazan\u0131n deposunda 6 bin \u00e7iftten fazla ayakkab\u0131 vard\u0131 ve yanlar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-1a454554-0edd-4043-b821-53e4b756e55b\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Rosenbaum_OA19220624.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Rosenbaum_OA19220624.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Lia Rosenbaum\u2019\u0131n do\u011fum ilan\u0131 Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 24.6.1922 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9221306\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-86348aed-5512-4351-b0f9-18a2818858ab\">Nazi Partisi\u2019nin iktidara gelmesiyle birlikte Yahudi i\u015fletmelerinden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f edilmemesi i\u00e7in ba\u015flat\u0131lan kampanyan\u0131n ilk ba\u015fta sat\u0131\u015flara etkisi olmad\u0131. Ama y\u0131llar ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e bunun etkisi giderek daha g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr h\u00e2le geldi ve i\u015fletme arka arkaya i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7\u0131karmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-f36e2c6e-7263-44e4-8cf2-3372794c5657\">Adolf Rosenbaum as\u0131l faciay\u0131 ise Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sonundan beri art\u0131k Avusturya de\u011fil Polonya vatanda\u015f\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle 1938\u2019de ya\u015fayacakt\u0131. \u201cPolonya Harek\u00e2t\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 verilen uygulama kapsam\u0131nda Ekim sonunda s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n \u00f6b\u00fcr taraf\u0131na, Polonya\u2019ya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Rosenbaum\u2019\u0131n Ocak 1939\u2019da art\u0131k Var\u015fova\u2019da oldu\u011fu san\u0131l\u0131yor. D\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 zaten pogrom gecesinden sonra bir daha a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cilly Rosenbaum May\u0131s 1939\u2019da D\u00fcsseldorf\u2019a gitti. Orada ne kadar kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmiyor. Bu arada Adolf Rosenbaum Br\u00fcksel\u2019e ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cilly ile Lia\u2019n\u0131n onun yan\u0131na gidip gidemedi\u011fi konusunda bilgi yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak ailenin ondan sonraki ikameti Nice olmu\u015ftu. \u00c7ok say\u0131da Yahudi aile Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 terk etme umuduyla bu liman kentine gitmi\u015fti. Ama 1943\u2019te Almanlar Fransa\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyini de i\u015fgal edince buras\u0131 Yahudiler i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir yer olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!4v1611671022971!6m8!1m7!1svbthktw5y_ShlwfYwW5ChQ!2m2!1d43.72926939104198!2d7.278537126985062!3f32.41322112113205!4f-11.576089502825624!5f0.7820865974627469\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:0;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" aria-hidden=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-extra-small-font-size\"><em>Rosenbaum ailesi Nice\u2019te \u201cCottage Bellevue\u201d adl\u0131 villada saklan\u0131yordu.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adolf, Cilly ve Lia Rosenbaum, aralar\u0131nda Lia\u2019n\u0131n ni\u015fanl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok ka\u00e7ak ile birlikte saklanmakta olduklar\u0131 villaya Ekim 1943\u2019te Gestapo taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen gece bask\u0131n\u0131nda yakaland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nice\u2019ten Paris yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Drancy toplama kamp\u0131na nakledildiler. Koruyabildikleri son birka\u00e7 par\u00e7a de\u011ferli e\u015fya da orada ellerinden al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra 20 Kas\u0131m 1943\u2019te g\u00f6nderildikleri Auschwitz\u2019te \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-b545e9ab-26d5-4733-b556-07bb17354b66\">5. Durak: Davids Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/05tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-60025f7b-53a4-42e7-9fe0-b7c8ae5597e5\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-300x245.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1075\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-300x245.jpg 300w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1024x835.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1536x1252.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-2048x1669.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1568x1278.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-a2f7e7c2-5dde-4ae1-b7b6-00beb95a516f\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-1523dd77-2e5d-4f3d-a8d5-aedcf1ab5de8\">D\u00fckk\u00e2nlarda tezg\u00e2htarl\u0131k yaparak ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayan Georg Davids, 1899\u2019un Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015fti. Jenny Strauss ile evlendikten sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 38 numarada erkek giyimi satan \u201cGebr\u00fcder Davids\u201d yani \u201cDavids Biraderler\u201d ma\u011fazas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Ba\u015fka karde\u015flerinin de Remscheid, Neuss ve Wiesbaden\u2019da moda ma\u011fazalar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-9cf18aa4-71b5-44fa-ae12-8989114e55e6\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Davids_OA19070628.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Davids_OA19070628.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Georg Davids, 28 Haziran 1907\u2019de Ohligser Anzeiger\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kan ilan\u0131nda Ohligs\u2019deki giyim ma\u011fazas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131t\u0131yor, ayr\u0131ca Remscheid, Neuss ve Wiesbaden\u2019daki ma\u011fazalar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z ediyordu. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9154008\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-1c32c1d6-33d0-4e85-aeb8-51efdaa3961c\">1904\u2019te o\u011fullar\u0131 Walter, ondan iki y\u0131l sonra da k\u0131zlar\u0131 Hilde d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Georg Davids, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40 numarada hem konut hem ma\u011faza alanlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu modern bir apartman yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1907\u2019de burada yeni bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f ma\u011fazas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Zaten sonraki y\u0131llar boyunca da Georg Davids i\u015fletmeleri, Ohligs\u2019de Yahudilere ait ticari kurulu\u015flar i\u00e7inde en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olanlar aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-63b46998-cf1f-416d-8c42-be805ae05c0c\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Davids_Duesseldorfer_FotoStolp_BEA-1024x708.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Davids_Duesseldorfer_FotoStolp_BEA-1024x708.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Davids ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40 (sa\u011fda), 1910 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 1600<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1912\u2019de Georg\u2019un karde\u015fi Selma Davids de Ohligs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve eni\u015fteleri Julius Lange ile birlikte D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 3 numarada bir kad\u0131n giyim ma\u011fazas\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Selma, 1919\u2019da t\u00fcccar Siegfried Scheiberg ile evlendi. Ancak daha on ay ge\u00e7memi\u015fti ki zat\u00fcrreden \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-4d1f0955-8f9b-425b-8ea0-f773af9355f2\">1929 yaz\u0131nda Jenny ve Georg Davids, k\u0131zlar\u0131 Hilde\u2019yi evlendirdiler. Kocas\u0131 Karl Eichenberg ile birlikte Frankfurt\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131nan Hilde 1930\u2019da onlara Lore ad\u0131nda bir torun verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-cc5ebe7e-ca28-4719-932d-531008e442bd\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Davids_OA19290709.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Davids_OA19290709.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Karl Eichenberg ile Hilde Davids\u2019in evlilik ilan\u0131 Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 9.7.1929 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9357761\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-71845edb-8c44-4026-9479-9873fe0176f1\">Ancak Nazilerin iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesinden sonra Ohligs\u2019deki ticari i\u015fletmelerin durumu hep daha k\u00f6t\u00fcye gider olmu\u015ftu. Davids ailesi Almanya\u2019dan ka\u00e7may\u0131 1934\u2019ten beri planl\u0131yordu. Walter Davids, muhtemelen 1937\u2019de Gerda Stein ile evlendi ve kar\u0131s\u0131 da Ohligs\u2019de ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-c8dfbeae-12f7-4869-921e-9b0304c8c18c\">Davids ailesinin herkes\u00e7e tan\u0131n\u0131p sevilen d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, 1938 sonunda \u201cAryanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u201d, yani zorla ellerinden al\u0131narak Yahudi olmayan bir i\u015fletmeciye devredildi. Georg Davids ile o\u011flu Walter, Mart sonunda e\u015fleriyle birlikte K\u00f6ln\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-9cfb6b21-0be6-4411-93fc-b494851423eb\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Davids_OA19380127-1024x458.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Davids_OA19380127-1024x458.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Davids\u2019in i\u015fletmesinin Artmeier taraf\u0131ndan devral\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyuran ilan Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 27.1.1938 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9415679\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-55518e0f-1917-4c65-936e-a1caa5249652\">Hilde ve Karl Eichenberg ise 1938\u2019deki pogromdan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce k\u0131zlar\u0131 Lore ile birlikte Rotterdam \u00fczerinden ABD\u2019ye ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mart 1939 sonunda Gerda ve Walter Davids de onlar\u0131n arkas\u0131ndan gitti. Ana babalar\u0131 K\u00f6ln\u2019de yaln\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Onlara da vize ayarlamak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen b\u00fct\u00fcn giri\u015fimler sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-65758161-b83a-48ed-8319-7451ad84643c\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Davids_Hilde_Naturalization-753x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Hilde Eichenberg\u2019in ABD yurtta\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru. Kaynak: &#8222;New York, Southern District, U.S District Court Naturalization Records, 1824-1946&#8220;, database with images, <em>FamilySearch<\/em> (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/1:1:QP7X-W4NT\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/1:1:QP7X-W4NT<\/a> : 8 March 2021), Hilde or Hilde Rosalie Davids Eichenberg, 1939<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-b378ccbe-8b51-4b35-b82d-124337565c87\">Georg ve Jenny Davids, Ocak 1943 sonunda Berlin \u00fczerinden Auschwitz \u00f6l\u00fcm kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildiler. Georg Davids\u2019in b\u00fct\u00fcn karde\u015fleri de e\u015fleriyle birlikte \u015eoah\u2019\u0131n kurbanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-8f09c662-e87f-4be7-b304-1aebb1c0eeb8\">Hilde Eichenberg 1973\u2019te Ohio\u2019nun Toledo kentinde \u00f6ld\u00fc. A\u011fabeyi Walter ise 1996\u2019da New York\u2019ta hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-4cd75768-f67b-4841-919b-9fd354c63ef0\">6. Durak: Bassat Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/06tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-60025f7b-53a4-42e7-9fe0-b7c8ae5597e5\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-300x245.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1075\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-300x245.jpg 300w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1024x835.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1536x1252.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-2048x1669.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due40_7837-1568x1278.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-2c5976bf-17e4-4a16-a893-6407a9585ba2\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 40 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-28cd6504-5797-4deb-9e75-371222022b6a\">Heinrich Bassat, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe\u2019nin di\u011fer Yahudi t\u00fcccarlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak imalat\u00e7\u0131yd\u0131. Jenny ve Georg Davids\u2019e ait olan 40 numaral\u0131 binada otururdu ama i\u015fletmesi F\u00fcrkerfeldstra\u00dfe\u2019deydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d4151ac3-f041-4f23-af1f-6c6c57c8607c\">Bassat 1891\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da do\u011fdu. Ailesi y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce \u0130spanya\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131n\u0131 yurt edinen Yahudilerdendi. Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde Bassat ailesi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7elik e\u015fya imal eden \u015firketler kurmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-17757464-d4ba-475d-9a3f-0c1a85eedf75\">1920\u2019de Heinrich Bassat, kendi gibi Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda do\u011fan Rosa Asseo ile evlendi. Bir s\u00fcre Hamburg\u2019da ya\u015fayan \u00e7ift sonunda 1925\u2019te Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015fti. Bir y\u0131l sonra da Heinrich Bassat, F\u00fcrkerfeldstra\u00dfe\u2019de t\u0131ra\u015f b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 imal etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-4ef08cec-33d2-4297-8be9-18ea79974b78\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Bassat-Solingen-AB-1931.djvu_-742x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Bassat-Solingen-AB-1931.djvu_-742x1024.jpg\"\/><figcaption>1931 Solingen rehberindeki bir ilan. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-af6843a5-fe82-41b5-a8ab-67ace1c6aeeb\">Karde\u015fiyle birlikte i\u015fletti\u011fi Albert &amp; Heinrich Bassat \u015firketi, di\u011fer bir karde\u015fleri Moische\u2019nin ithalat ihracat alan\u0131ndaki deste\u011fiyle uluslararas\u0131 ticarete at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak Nazi Partisi iktidar\u0131yla birlikte Bassat karde\u015fler d\u0131\u015f ticaret faaliyetlerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yine de ticari faaliyetlerine 1937\u2019ye kadar tamamen son vermediler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1934\u2019te Heinrich Bassat, kar\u0131s\u0131 Rosa\u2019y\u0131 bir enfeksiyon y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kaybetti. Ama onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yetmezmi\u015f gibi karde\u015fi Moische\u2019yi de Solingen mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda topra\u011fa verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/jf_5174-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Rosa Bassat\u2019\u0131n mezarta\u015f\u0131, Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-665ae1c5-a3c2-4992-86da-39ecfea5eb9a\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Bassat_Enrique1939-235x300.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Bassat_Enrique1939-235x300.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Enrique Bassat, ca. 1939. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-06c2e498-2053-4090-a3d5-e077427c2e9a\">1936\u2019da Heinrich Bassat, yeni hayat arkada\u015f\u0131 Emilie M\u00fcnch ile birlikte Ohligs\u2019den Paris\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k Almanya\u2019da, Yahudi olmayan biriyle ili\u015fki kurmas\u0131 yasalara g\u00f6re su\u00e7 te\u015fkil ediyordu. \u00c7ift 1939\u2019da gemiyle Brezilya\u2019ya gitti ve sonunda orada evlenebildiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ohligs\u2019deki \u015firket Heinrich Bassat yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 ettikten sonra da ilk ba\u015fta faaliyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130\u015fletme sorumlulu\u011funu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00fcstlenmi\u015fti. Ancak 1939\u2019da \u015firket tasfiye edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aral\u0131k 1951\u2019de Heinrich ve Emilie Bassat Ohligs\u2019e d\u00f6nd\u00fcler. Ekim 1952\u2019de F\u00fcrkerfeldstra\u00dfe\u2019deki imalathane tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak \u015firket sava\u015ftan sonraki y\u0131llarda eski ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlayamad\u0131 ve daha \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015fken yine kapat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Emilie Bassat 1958\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fc. Kocas\u0131 ise \u015eubat 1960\u2019ta \u0130srail\u2019e yerle\u015fti. Heinrich Bassat Mart 1976\u2019da orada \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-b5047233-dc06-4220-94ee-555d53e7a822\">7. Durak: Steeg Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/07tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-ebe11905-59c1-4f27-8e06-e764fe2926b3\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-229x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1078\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-229x300.jpg 229w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-782x1024.jpg 782w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-768x1005.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-1174x1536.jpg 1174w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-1565x2048.jpg 1565w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-1568x2052.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due35_7832-scaled.jpg 1956w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 229px) 100vw, 229px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 35. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-26480ec8-28d6-43b6-b2e9-12cfbf8c5e32\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 35 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Paul Steeg 1874\u2019te Bochum\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Kar\u0131s\u0131 Emma Steinberg ise 1875 Castrop do\u011fumluydu. 1905\u2019te Ohligs\u2019e gelen \u00e7ift, 1909\u2019da \u201cCentral-Bazar Paul Steeg\u201d adl\u0131 i\u015fletmelerini D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 35 numarada \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcyle dikkat \u00e7eken k\u00f6\u015fe binaya ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCentral-Bazar\u201d Ohligs\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck Yahudi ma\u011fazalar\u0131ndan biriydi. Oyuncaktan kristal e\u015fyaya, sanat eserlerinden ufak mobilyalara ve ev e\u015fyas\u0131na, hatta hediyelik e\u015fyaya kadar burada \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli mallar bulunabilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-c47e1fa7-5bf1-4523-90a5-d40c2fe80482\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Steeg_Paul_Duessel_1910_FotoStolp_BEAUNS-1024x649.jpg\" alt=\"Gesch\u00e4ft Paul Steeg, D\u00fcsseldorfer Str. 35 (rechts), Postkarte von ca. 1910. Quelle: Stadtarchiv Solingen, PK 2446\"\/><figcaption>Paul Steeg ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 35 (sa\u011fda), 1910 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 2446<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131zlar\u0131 Grete, okulu bitirdikten sonra ana babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015f g\u00f6revlisi olarak staj yapt\u0131. 1929\u2019da da Iserlohn do\u011fumlu t\u00fcccar Walter Wertheim ile evlendi. \u00c7ift bir s\u00fcre Walter\u2019in ailesine ait i\u015fletmede \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra 1931\u2019de Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada Paul Steeg emekli olduktan sonra damad\u0131 Walter, \u201cCentral-Bazar\u201d\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerde \u201cERWEGE\u201d al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f kooperatifi diye bilinen ve \u00e7ok ucuza al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunan bir yer a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-98b4cbfc-e4c7-4f14-8975-b2dc0fdd314e\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Wertheim_OA19310905.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Wertheim_OA19310905.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Walter Wertheim\u2019\u0131n Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 5.9.1931 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9382105\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Walter Wertheim yan\u0131nda 45 ila 60 ki\u015fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu. S\u0131k\u0131 disiplin uygulayan ama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n ki\u015fisel sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 dinlemeye daima haz\u0131r olan iyi bir patron olarak bilinirdi. Grete ise personelin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tekstil, k\u0131rtasiye ve ayakkab\u0131 reyonlar\u0131ndan sorumluydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Paul Steeg emekliye ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra Solingen\u2019deki sinagog cemaatinde yard\u0131mc\u0131 vekil olarak g\u00f6rev yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1937\u2019den \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar da sinagogda ba\u015fkan vekiliydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u011fustos 1933\u2019te Walter Wertheims\u2019\u0131n karde\u015fi Fritz de Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015ferek i\u015fletmede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hukuk\u00e7u olan Fritz\u2019in, Nazi Partisi\u2019nin iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle birlikte art\u0131k avukatl\u0131k yapma \u015fans\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-4a622e6e-7d0f-445b-a199-212e74c16b5a\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Wertheim_Hausakte3684_EG_s-1024x844.jpg\" alt=\"Einrichtungsplan Erdgeschoss zum Umbau-Antrag. Quelle: Stadtarchiv Solingen, Hausakte HA 3684\"\/><figcaption>Restorasyon ba\u015fvurusunda zemin kat\u0131n\u0131 yenileme plan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, HA 3684<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ki karde\u015f, i\u015fleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda D\u00fcsseldorf\u2019ta, k\u0131saca \u201cSchild\u201d olarak bilinen Reich Yahudi \u00d6nc\u00fc Askerler Birli\u011fi ad\u0131ndaki spor kul\u00fcb\u00fcnde aktifti. Kul\u00fcp, Nazi diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bile olsa kad\u0131n erkek Yahudilere spor olanaklar\u0131 sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yahudi i\u015fletmelerinden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etmeme kampanyas\u0131 ve giderek artan ayr\u0131mc\u0131 uygulamalara ra\u011fmen ma\u011faza 1937\u2019ye kadar k\u00e2r etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ancak 1938\u2019deki pogrom gecesinde ailenin ticarethanesi de, \u00f6zel konutlar\u0131 da yerle bir edildi. Grete ve Walter Wertheim pencereden ka\u00e7arak canlar\u0131n\u0131 kurtard\u0131lar. Emma Steeg yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan birinin evine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-53b63529-18be-44c9-9101-6eb2dc513517\">Paul Steeg ise o s\u0131rada muhtemelen K\u00f6ln\u2019deki Yahudi hastanesinde tedavi g\u00f6rmekteydi. Pogromdan iki g\u00fcn sonra 11 Kas\u0131m 1938\u2019de mide \u00fclserine ba\u011fl\u0131 komplikasyonlar nedeniyle hastanede \u00f6ld\u00fc. Grete\u2019nin babas\u0131na veda etme f\u0131rsat\u0131 bulup bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmiyor. Ancak 12 Kas\u0131m\u2019da kocas\u0131 ve onun karde\u015fi Fritz ile birlikte Rotterdam\u2019dan onlar\u0131 New York\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek olan gemiye binmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ohligs\u2019deki ma\u011faza kapat\u0131ld\u0131 ve Yahudi olmayan birine devredildi. Steeg ve Wertheim \u00e7iftlerine ait mobilyalar bile sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-e6503d9b-3126-4f29-90ce-613fb22bee11\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/JFKBo-Steeg-Paul-22L-EG010-4-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist JFKBo-Steeg-Paul-22L-EG010-4-1024x768.jpg\"\/><figcaption>K\u00f6ln Yahudi mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Paul Steeg\u2019\u0131n mezarta\u015f\u0131. Foto\u011fraf: Synagogengemeinde K\u00f6ln<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-c809ab16-c3cb-4bd0-b50c-43794721873f\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Steeg_Emma_Naturalization-739x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Steeg_Emma_Naturalization-739x1024.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Emma Steeg\u2019in ABD yurtta\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru. Quelle: &#8222;New York, Southern District, U.S District Court Naturalization Records, 1824-1946&#8220;, database with images, <em>FamilySearch<\/em> (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/1:1:QP7X-8H8Q\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/1:1:QP7X-8H8Q<\/a> : 8 March 2021), Emma Steeg or Steinberg Steeg, 1940.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Aral\u0131k 1939\u2019da Emma Steeg New York\u2019a k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na gitmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131. Walter Wertheim orada \u201cWalter \u015eark\u00fcteri ve Bakkaliyesi\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yeni bir d\u00fckk\u00e2n a\u00e7t\u0131. Emma Steeg\u2019in tarifine g\u00f6re yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ringa bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 salatas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fteriler aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok tutuldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-02c73850-5ba1-45dc-acbc-1f0d771b3317\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Steeg-DIA-01899-1024x848.jpg\" alt=\"Der alte Fassadenschriftzug &quot;Paul Steeg&quot; wurde bei Renovierungsarbeiten 1999 sichtbar, von den Eigent\u00fcmern jedoch verputzt. Foto: Uli Preuss\"\/><figcaption>Bina cephesindeki eskiden kalma \u201cPaul Steeg\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131 1999\u2019daki restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr durumdayd\u0131, ancak yeni m\u00fclk sahipleri taraf\u0131ndan kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Foto\u011fraf: Uli Preuss<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-ad445fda-d262-4de7-a833-a1a38a024979\">8. Durak: Z\u00fcrndorfer Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/08tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-50c1fe9e-8d34-4f60-90c1-c076400cf585\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1079\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-187x300.jpg 187w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-639x1024.jpg 639w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-768x1230.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-959x1536.jpg 959w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-1279x2048.jpg 1279w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-1568x2512.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due34_7825-scaled.jpg 1598w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 34-36. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-e8b9143b-4966-4603-b52d-56b50fba74ee\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 34\u201336 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bernhard Z\u00fcrndorfer, bir tekstil t\u00fcccar\u0131n\u0131n sekiz \u00e7ocu\u011fundan alt\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 olarak 1876\u2019da Kara Ormanlar b\u00f6lgesindeki Rexingen\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Daha evlenmeden \u00f6nce Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015fmi\u015fti. Ekim 1907\u2019de Rosalie Feitler ile evlendi; Feitler, 1881 Hessen do\u011fumluydu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir y\u0131l sonra \u00e7iftin Thea ad\u0131nda bir k\u0131zlar\u0131 oldu. 1912\u2019de de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131 Margot do\u011fdu. Z\u00fcrndorfer ailesinin D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 34 numaradaki yeni binada yer alan ev tekstili ve tuhafiye d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 da en ge\u00e7 bu y\u0131l faaliyete ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-9df58acd-1c35-401d-8211-87aa58671bb5\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/PK-3501-1024x660.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist PK-3501-1024x660.jpg\"\/><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Str. 34-36 numara soldan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc binad\u0131r. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 3501<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-6b7e320a-8874-4694-b999-601d240227ad\">D\u00fckk\u00e2n b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 kazand\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 tezg\u00e2htar say\u0131s\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem sekizi buluyordu. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bernhard Z\u00fcrndorfer, Ohligs-Wald Kentleri Perakendeci ve T\u00fcccarlar\u0131 Koruma Derne\u011fi\u2019nin ba\u015fkan\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-76d7706d-8a45-4b97-8acb-83ba8f19b3d2\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Zuerndorfer_OA19130320.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Zuerndorfer_OA19130320.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Z\u00fcrndorfer\u2019\u0131n Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 20.3.1913 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131, Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9177128\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nr<\/a>w<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-b13aa13b-43af-4f37-990e-e9dc6b662653\">Ancak \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 komplikasyonlar nedeniyle Aral\u0131k 1920\u2019de, gen\u00e7 denecek bir ya\u015fta hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve Perakendeci ve T\u00fcccarlar\u0131 Koruma Derne\u011fi\u2019nin onun i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00fcm ilanlar\u0131 Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ondan sonra i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131na kar\u0131s\u0131 Rosalie ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ailenin h\u00e2li vakti yerindeydi ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n her ikisi de, o d\u00f6nemin gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ender say\u0131lan bir d\u00fczeyde e\u011fitim g\u00f6rmekteydi. Thea, K\u00f6ln\u2019deki K\u00f6nigin-Luise-Schule\u2019ye giderek 1928\u2019de Abitur denen lise olgunluk derecesini tamamlad\u0131. G\u00f6nl\u00fcnde yatan meslek di\u015f hekimli\u011fiydi. Karde\u015fi Margot ise Ohligs\u2019deki belediye lisesinden 1929\u2019da ortaokul diplomas\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra \u00f6\u011frenimine devam etmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thea, 1929 ba\u015f\u0131nda Birminghaml\u0131 kuyumcu Ivan Shortt ile ni\u015fanland\u0131. \u00c7ift 1931\u2019de evlenerek \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye yerle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Margot ise May\u0131s 1938\u2019de kad\u0131n-do\u011fum doktoru Hugo Lichtenstein ile evlendi; doktor 1931\u2019den beri Ohligs\u2019de muayenehane i\u015fletmekteydi. Ancak 1938\u2019de Nazi y\u00f6netimi di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn Yahudi hekimler gibi onun da lisans\u0131n\u0131 iptal etti. Ondan bir ay sonra Rosalie Z\u00fcrndorfer \u015firketi i\u015fletme m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcne satt\u0131. Zaten art\u0131k ender olarak sat\u0131\u015f yapabiliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-56b2c777-9359-4ba4-90d4-a1ae0627c43b\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LichtensteinHochzeit_Bella-1024x702.jpg\" alt=\"Hochzeit von Hugo und Margot Lichtenstein, geb. Z\u00fcrndorfer mit Margot Wallach (links) und Bella Taback als Blumenm\u00e4dchen, Quelle: Bella Tabak Altura\"\/><figcaption>Hugo ve Margot Lichtenstein\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcnde nedimeler Margot Wallach (solda) ve Bella Tabak, Kaynak: Bella Tabak Altura<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kas\u0131m 1938\u2019deki pogromun ard\u0131ndan tutuklanan Hugo Lichtenstein, di\u011fer Solingen Yahudileri ile birlikte Dachau toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi. Aral\u0131k 1938 ba\u015f\u0131nda ise Almanya\u2019y\u0131 terk etme \u015fart\u0131yla sal\u0131verildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-5de41649-68dc-41e5-b3b7-25eb3262929a\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/jf_5209-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist jf_5209-1024x683.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Bernhard Z\u00fcrndorfer ve k\u0131z\u0131 Margot Lichtenstein\u2019\u0131n mezarta\u015f\u0131, Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 psikolojik y\u00fck, kalp hastas\u0131 olan Margot Lichtenstein i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fazlayd\u0131. 16 Aral\u0131k 1938\u2019de \u00f6len Margot babas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rosalie Z\u00fcrndorfer Mart 1939\u2019da nihayet k\u0131z\u0131 Thea Shortt\u2019un yan\u0131na gidebildi. Hugo Lichtenstein zaten \u015eubat ay\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye u\u00e7mu\u015ftu. B\u00fct\u00fcn servetine el koyuldu ve e\u015fyalar\u0131 1941\u2019de hara\u00e7 mezat sat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130ngiltere\u2019de \u00f6nceleri yabanc\u0131 dil \u00f6\u011fretmeni olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1941\u2019de hastanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verildi. 1949 oldu\u011funda ise art\u0131k yine hekimlik yapabiliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-dbb1aecd-e2e0-4b18-b734-bc706745b728\">9. Durak: Steinberger Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/09tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-631c7cc1-cb21-4fed-b051-1f58eeba1213\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-201x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1080\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-201x300.jpg 201w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-686x1024.jpg 686w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-768x1146.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1030x1536.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1373x2048.jpg 1373w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1568x2339.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-scaled.jpg 1716w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-586cdbe6-6528-4f05-bc21-800165798b91\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Julius Steinberger 1897\u2019de Ohligs\u2019e yerle\u015ferek D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26 numarada bir tuhafiyeci a\u00e7t\u0131. Satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mallara zamanla yatak, \u015filte ve perde \u00e7e\u015fitlerini de ekleyecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l kar\u0131s\u0131 Sybilla, K\u00e4the ad\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya getirdi; 1899\u2019da o\u011fullar\u0131 Kurt ve 1902\u2019de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131 Elisabeth do\u011fdu. Julius Steinberger ilk kez 1912\u2019de Solingen sinagog cemaatine vekil olarak se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-cbba2ee0-afa5-4f4f-bd8f-89dcef20f633\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/PK-2136-1024x657.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist PK-2136-1024x657.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Steinberger ailesinin d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26 und 26a, sa\u011fda. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 2136<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak 1915\u2019te aile bir trajedi ya\u015fad\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131zlar\u0131 K\u00e4the, uzun bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan daha 17 ya\u015f\u0131nda hayata veda etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sinagog cemaatinde \u00fcstlendi\u011fi g\u00f6revin yan\u0131nda Julius Steinberger parti siyasetinde de aktifti. Ohligs ticaret odas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak perakende ticaretle u\u011fra\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1925\u2019te k\u0131zlar\u0131 Elisabeth\u2019in Martin Goldschmidt ile d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc nihayet Steinberger ailesine ne\u015fe getirmi\u015fti. Julius Steinberger\u2019in damad\u0131, 1928\u2019de yeni kurulan \u00e7elik e\u015fya ma\u011fazas\u0131nda i\u015fletme m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Steinberger, tuhafiyeci d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 30 y\u0131l\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1927\u2019de kapatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. D\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n niye kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgi yoktur. 1930\u2019da Julius Steinberger t\u0131ra\u015f b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 imalat\u0131 ve ticaretine ba\u015flad\u0131, ard\u0131ndan faaliyetlerine \u00e7ak\u0131 ve makas ihracat\u0131n\u0131 ekledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak iki y\u0131la varmadan inme ge\u00e7irerek beklenmedik bi\u00e7imde hayata veda edecekti. Kalabal\u0131k cenaze t\u00f6reninde Solingen belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7e\u015fitli resm\u00ee dairelerden ve ticaret birliklerinden say\u0131s\u0131z temsilci de vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-426ac31f-8ec8-47cb-bfff-5c8f275c4fab\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Steinberger_OA19321102_a.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Steinberger_OA19321102_a.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Ticaret odas\u0131n\u0131n taziye ilan\u0131 Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 31.10.1932 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9386891\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sybilla Steinberger, kocas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan damad\u0131 Martin Goldschmidt\u2019i \u015firketin ba\u015f\u0131na getirdi. 1938 sonlar\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc satarak Londra\u2019ya, 1932\u2019de g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f olan o\u011flu Kurt\u2019un yan\u0131na yerle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pogrom gecesinde ise Elisabeth Goldschmidt ile kocas\u0131 Ohligs\u2019deydi. SA \u00fcyeleri \u00e7iftin dairesine zorla girerek e\u015fyalar\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131p d\u00f6kt\u00fcler ve Martin Goldschmidt\u2019i h\u0131rpalad\u0131lar. Goldschmidt, di\u011fer Yahudi kom\u015fular\u0131yla birlikte tutuklanarak Dachau toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sal\u0131verildikten sonra Goldschmidt \u00e7ifti Ocak 1939\u2019da Londra\u2019ya ka\u00e7t\u0131. Elisabeth Goldschmidt\u2019in a\u011fabeyi Kurt Steinberger, 1940\u2019ta hen\u00fcz 40 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu. Ondan iki y\u0131l sonra anneleri Sybilla \u00f6ld\u00fc; Elisabeth ise 1969\u2019a kadar ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-e9218b08-c230-43cc-805f-251a31c3f18d\">10. Durak: Wallach Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/10tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-631c7cc1-cb21-4fed-b051-1f58eeba1213\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-201x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1080\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-201x300.jpg 201w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-686x1024.jpg 686w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-768x1146.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1030x1536.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1373x2048.jpg 1373w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-1568x2339.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due26_7823-scaled.jpg 1716w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ce68ce61-f680-439c-ad4c-bfd0e2db1ebd\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Karl Wallach, Aachen yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Eilendorf\u2019ta bir kasap ustas\u0131 ve celebin yedinci \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak 1897\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya geldi. A\u011fustos 1927\u2019de Ohligs\u2019de D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 26a numaral\u0131 binaya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wallach burada orta\u011f\u0131 Albert Oster ile birlikte Oster &amp; Co. adl\u0131 tekstil e\u015fya d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fletiyordu. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 eleman say\u0131s\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem 11\u2019i bulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-56d6593b-e74e-4c17-a3eb-232f27e84c93\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Oster_OA19290315.jpg\" alt=\"Annonce im Ohligser Anzeiger vom 15.3.1929, Quelle: Stadtarchiv Solingen via zeitpunkt.nrw\"\/><figcaption>Karl Wallach\u2019\u0131n Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 15.3.1929 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9356530\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1929\u2019da Karl Wallach, 1900 Goch do\u011fumlu Hildegard Koopmann ile evlendi. Ocak 1931\u2019de \u00e7iftin k\u0131z\u0131 Margot Johanna do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1932\u2019de i\u015fletmeyi Hildegard Wallach devrald\u0131 ve ad\u0131n\u0131 \u201cOster &amp; Co. Nachfahren\u201d olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Aile ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Talstra\u00dfe 38 numaraya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1933\u2019te Yahudi i\u015fletmelerinden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etmeme \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra \u015firket 1934\u2019te iflas etti. Karl Wallach bunun \u00fczerine tekstil e\u015fya bayisi olarak yeni bir i\u015fletme kurdu. 1938\u2019e kadar Talstra\u00dfe\u2019de bir kuma\u015f d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-afcfe116-6663-41e3-b2be-42e1e113b428\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/LichtensteinHochzeit_Bella-1024x702.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist LichtensteinHochzeit_Bella-1024x702.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Hugo ve Margot Lichtenstein\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcnde nedimeler Margot Wallach (solda) ve Bella Tabak, Kaynak: Bella Tabak Altura<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-b4dbf958-ce48-458c-8770-ac31f28af069\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/IMAG4600-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist IMAG4600-150x150.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Talstra\u00dfe 38, Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak 9 Kas\u0131m 1938 gecesi d\u00fczenlenen pogromda Wallach ailesi de anti-Semitik \u015fiddetin kurban\u0131 oldu. Ailenin konutunu basan komandolar Karl Wallach\u2019\u0131 kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00f6vd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ondan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra da Karl Wallach, Solingenli di\u011fer Yahudilerle birlikte tutuklanarak Dachau toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi. Ancak G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019ya gitmek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine Aral\u0131k ortalar\u0131nda serbest b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkeden \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in gerekli belgelerin hepsi sahteydi. Aile, Almanya\u2019dan kurtulabilmek i\u00e7in gece boyu yaya ilerleyerek Bel\u00e7ika s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ti. Yola \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce mallar\u0131n\u0131 yok pahas\u0131na satm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Br\u00fcksel\u2019de Hildegard Wallach ailesini ge\u00e7indirmek i\u00e7in temizlik\u00e7ilik yapmak zorunda kald\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kocas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izni alamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. May\u0131s 1940\u2019ta Bel\u00e7ika Alman i\u015fgaline u\u011fray\u0131nca Karl Wallach da Almanya\u2019dan gitmi\u015f olan di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn erkeklerle birlikte tutukland\u0131 ve bir s\u00fcre sonra G\u00fcney Fransa\u2019daki bir toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi. A\u011fustos 1942\u2019de oradan Auschwitz\u2019e g\u00f6nderilmesi ise Karl Wallach\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm ferman\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!4v1624190133200!6m8!1m7!1sYlwxav72Q_FZ9-iFJs7t2w!2m2!1d50.86872948688527!2d4.361939309809428!3f349.03246177467696!4f1.068780164376335!5f0.7820865974627469\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:0;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" aria-hidden=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><em>Rue Masui 158 numara sa\u011fdaki k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 evdir. Ailenin sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer garaj\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hildegard Wallach k\u0131z\u0131 Margot ile birlikte Br\u00fcksel\u2019de kald\u0131 ve k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 orada bir Katolik okuluna g\u00f6nderdi. Br\u00fcksel b\u00f6lgesindeki Yahudilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kamplar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmesi i\u00e7in karar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca ana k\u0131z ka\u00e7arak Hildegard\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z karde\u015fi ve onun k\u0131z\u0131yla birlikte sakland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Katolik papazlar ile rahibelerin kurdu\u011fu bir dayan\u0131\u015fma a\u011f\u0131, iki ana iki k\u0131zdan olu\u015fan bu grubun takma adlarla ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yerlerde hayatta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Margot, Bel\u00e7ika\u2019n\u0131n kurtulu\u015funa kadar Namur\u2019de bir manast\u0131r okulunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yetenekli bir gen\u00e7 olan Margot, bir Yahudi yard\u0131m \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bursla e\u011fitimini Br\u00fcksel\u2019in en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerinden biri olarak tamamlad\u0131. Ancak \u00fcniversiteye devam etmek yerine annesine bakabilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1948\u2019de ana k\u0131z birlikte ABD\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-9762a8d9-71f0-4f4f-99fd-f78d23915cef\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Wallach_USC.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Wallach_USC.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Margot Wallach\u2019\u0131n 2001\u2019de G\u00fcney California \u00dcniversitesi \u015eoah Vakf\u0131\u2019na verdi\u011fi r\u00f6portaj Solingen belediye ar\u015fivinden izlenebilir. \u00a9 1994-2001 USC Shoah Foundation<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-9d5c1453-fba7-4c05-8e82-610c463e2be8\">11. Durak: Meyerhoff Ailesi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/11tuerk.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"block-f9b96643-d36b-4f25-b12f-ebbce4855560\" class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-scaled.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-187x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1081\" width=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-187x300.jpg 187w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-639x1024.jpg 639w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-768x1231.jpg 768w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-958x1536.jpg 958w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-1277x2048.jpg 1277w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-1568x2514.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Due17_7819-scaled.jpg 1597w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 17. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-083938e3-1af1-44f8-b615-9430deaf4ffd\"><em>D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 17 \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-9733cc43-d834-4dbe-b250-cd5a60f41efb\">Henriette Meyerhoff, <a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/3\/\">D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 49<\/a> numaradaki i\u015fletmeleri iflas edince 1932\u2019de D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe 17 numarada daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yeni bir d\u00fckk\u00e2n a\u00e7t\u0131. Ancak Nazi Partisi iktidar\u0131nda ticarette ger\u00e7ek anlamda geli\u015fme sa\u011flama \u015fans\u0131 yoktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-6490a645-3048-40ef-b9de-5155027f647f\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Meyerhoff_OA19330211-1.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Meyerhoff_OA19330211-1.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Meyerhoff\u2019\u0131n Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesinde 11.2.1933 tarihinde yay\u0131mlanan ilan\u0131. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9387914\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-db6964fa-1a6a-49ae-806c-e7afad851aca\">Ekim 1938 sonlar\u0131nda k\u0131z\u0131 Grete Rosenblatt ailesiyle birlikte ABD\u2019ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. New York\u2019a ayak basmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden daha birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015fti ki Almanya\u2019da Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 pogromlar ba\u015flad\u0131. Ohligs\u2019de Simon Meyerhoff, 9 ve 10 Kas\u0131m gecesi bir polis taraf\u0131ndan D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe\u2019yi kaplayan cam k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 temizlemeye zorland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-0561add6-6d4c-4dbc-9788-73518a4381ab\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Marx_Grete_Naturalization1939-902x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Marx_Grete_Naturalization1939-902x1024.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Grete Luise Rosenblatt\u2019in ABD yurtta\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fvuru. Quelle: National Archives at Riverside; Riverside, California; NAI Number: 594890; Record Group Title: Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685-2009; Record Group Number: 21<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Henriette Meyerhoff\u2019un o\u011flu Fritz Marx ise Kas\u0131m 1938\u2019de di\u011fer Yahudi erkekleriyle birlikte Dachau toplama kamp\u0131na g\u00f6nderildi. Ancak kendi ifadesine g\u00f6re kamptan ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015fararak \u00f6nce Bel\u00e7ika\u2019ya, oradan da May\u0131s 1939\u2019da ABD\u2019ye gitti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simon ve Henriette Meyerhoff, A\u011fustos 1939\u2019da konut idaresinin zoruyla Solingen\u2019de Westheimer ailesinin yan\u0131na yerle\u015ftirildi. Buras\u0131 bir \u201cYahudi evi\u201d olarak belirlenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-0320124e-9282-499b-951a-38f51664ced7\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/PK_Due_oben_1910sw-1024x652.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist PK_Due_oben_1910sw-1024x652.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Henriette Meyerhoff\u2019un d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131 sol kald\u0131r\u0131mdaki en son binada, orta k\u0131s\u0131mda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. 1910 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7ift, do\u011fuya g\u00f6nderilen ilk gruplar aras\u0131ndayd\u0131. Ekim 1941\u2019de Solingenli ba\u015fka 15 Yahudi ile birlikte Litzmannstadt gettosuna yerle\u015ftirildiler. Simon ve Henriette Meyerhoff 8 May\u0131s 1942\u2019de Kulmhof ya da di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Che\u0142mno kamp\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u011fustos 1942\u2019de Fritz Marx ABD Kara Kuvvetleri\u2019ne yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Cezayir\u2019in ba\u015fkentine sevk edildi ve askerlere moral verme amac\u0131yla sahnelenen bir m\u00fczikalde piyanist olarak g\u00f6rev ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fritz Marx sava\u015ftan sonra da New York\u2019ta m\u00fczisyen olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1977\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fc. Karde\u015fi Grete Rosenblatt ise ailesiyle birlikte Los Angeles\u2019a yerle\u015fmi\u015fti. Grete 1989\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-fddce6e1-f736-4028-969a-eb80e9579274\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Stolpersteine_Meyerhoff02-1024x648.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist Stolpersteine_Meyerhoff02-1024x648.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Scholl Karde\u015fler Okulu Beyaz G\u00fcl Toplulu\u011fu, D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe\u2019deki t\u00f6kezta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak temizliyor. Foto\u011fraf: Daniela Tobias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-43ec6946-9e22-46ee-a4bb-7ad25eb2a49b\">12. Durak: Ohligs Gar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/12tuerk-1.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-894e4f6e-d350-46c6-aef0-98144a488635\"><em>Bremsheyplatz \u2013 <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/mmp\/fullscreen\/2\/\" target=\"_blank\">Harita<\/a><\/em> \u2013 <em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><em><\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\">Tur Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-df058c19-aa70-4ccb-ac00-0e1a5969db97\">Ufak bir yerle\u015fim olan Ohligs, 1867\u2019de tren istasyonunun a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek bir \u015fehre d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130stasyondan ba\u015flayarak bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ilerleyen al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f caddesinde, daha \u00f6nce ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen cinsten ufak ma\u011fazalar belirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yahudi t\u00fcccarlar da Ohligs\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131narak k\u0131smetlerini burada denemeye karar verdiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-ead226a6-231f-4290-aed4-65836404eaf3\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/PK-4051-1024x633.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist PK-4051-1024x633.jpg\"\/><figcaption>Ohligs Gar\u0131, 1936 dolaylar\u0131ndan bir kartpostal. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi, PK 4051<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ohligs Gar\u0131, konumuyla Yahudi t\u00fcccarlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Buradan trene binerek, d\u00f6rt buca\u011fa da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ailelerini ve i\u015f ortaklar\u0131n\u0131 ziyarete gidebiliyorlard\u0131. Din\u00ee vecibeler i\u00e7in de tren istasyonuna ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131lard\u0131. Sinagogun ve Yahudi mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Solingen\u2019e buradan S-Bahn ya da tramvayla gidiliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ohligs Yahudilerinin \u00e7o\u011fu Solingen sinagog cemaatine ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131, hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131 sinagog y\u00f6netiminde g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yahudi din\u00ee bayramlar\u0131nda d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 kapayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 1920\u2019lere kadar gazete ilanlar\u0131yla m\u00fc\u015fterilerine duyurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-85f1e973-b1ee-4352-8540-c72cf3e4dd81\">Ancak Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 Nazi propagandas\u0131 1920\u2019lerin sonundan itibaren Ohligs\u2019i de etkisi alt\u0131na ald\u0131. 1933\u2019te Yahudi i\u015fletmelerinden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etmeme \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131ndan sonra bile Yahudi t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterileri \u00e7o\u011funlukla onlara sad\u0131k kald\u0131ysa da 1938\u2019deki pogrom gecelerinin ard\u0131ndan durum onmaz \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fti. Paramiliter SA ve SS birlikleri D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe\u2019de kalan tek t\u00fck d\u00fckk\u00e2na s\u00fcrekli sald\u0131r\u0131yor, ailelere ter\u00f6r estiriyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-d290ca7f-9eed-4ec6-9421-ce98074e2678\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/NSDAP_OA19291204.jpg\" alt=\"Dieses Bild hat ein leeres Alt-Attribut. Der Dateiname ist NSDAP_OA19291204.jpg\"\/><figcaption>NSDAP, 4 Aral\u0131k 1929\u2019da Ohligser Anzeiger gazetesine verdi\u011fi ilanla \u201cYahudiler Alman vatanda\u015f\u0131 olabilir mi?\u201d konulu toplant\u0131y\u0131 duyuruyor. Kaynak: Solingen Belediye Ar\u015fivi via <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/zeitpunkt.nrw\/ulbbn\/periodical\/zoom\/9359474\" target=\"_blank\">zeitpunkt.nrw<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ohligs Gar\u0131 bir kez daha \u00e7ok i\u015flek bir ula\u015f\u0131m merkezi h\u00e2line gelmi\u015fti, ama bu kez \u015fehirden g\u00f6\u00e7 edenler nedeniyle. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7ler Almanya\u2019dan ayr\u0131larak ABD, \u0130ngiltere veya G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Di\u011ferleri i\u00e7inse 1938\u2019den sonra kalan tek s\u0131\u011f\u0131nak Bel\u00e7ika\u2019yd\u0131. 1941\u2019de Almanya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kapatarak Yahudileri do\u011fuya s\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131; bu, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ohligs Yahudisinin sonu oldu. Bu sevkiyatlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da Ohligs Gar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bug\u00fcn D\u00fcsseldorfer Stra\u00dfe h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u015flek bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezidir. \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen bu insanlar\u0131n unutulmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok yerde \u201cStopelstein\u201d yani \u201ct\u00f6kez ta\u015f\u0131\u201d bulunur. Hen\u00fcz ad\u0131na bir t\u00f6kez ta\u015f\u0131 yerle\u015ftirilmemi\u015f olanlar\u0131 da bu tur arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m ve hat\u0131rlatal\u0131m istedik. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na gidenler de yine haklar\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, zulme u\u011fram\u0131\u015f insanlard\u0131 ve mecbur kald\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ka\u00e7t\u0131lar. Onlar da unutulmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haz\u0131rlayanlar: Armin Schulte ve Daniela Tobias 1. Durak: Coopmann Ailesi 2. Durak: Strauss Ailesi 3. Durak: Henriette Marx 4. Durak: Rosenbaum Ailesi 5. Durak: Davids Ailesi 6. Durak: Bassat Ailesi 7. Durak: Steeg Ailesi 8. Durak: Z\u00fcrndorfer Ailesi 9. Durak: Steinberger Ailesi 10. Durak: Wallach Ailesi 11. Durak: Meyerhoff Ailesi 12. Durak: Ohligs Gar\u0131 1.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/tr\/ohligsin-yahudi-tueccarlari\/\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ohligs\u2019in Yahudi T\u00fcccarlar\u0131<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1045","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1045"}],"version-history":[{"count":35,"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1376,"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1045\/revisions\/1376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/max-leven-zentrum.de\/2021JLID\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}